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1、 Afraid of the cold.

豬的適宜生長溫度，初生仔豬32～35℃，保育豬20～22℃，中豬和大豬15～20℃。低溫對豬生長增重影響較為嚴重，當豬舍溫度低于適宜溫度的下，每降低1℃，日增重減少17.8克；如果舍溫下降4℃以下，增重速度下降50%，增加飼料消耗量1倍以上。因此，冬季豬舍應(yīng)加強保暖，減少豬體代謝消耗，提高飼養(yǎng)效益。

The suitable temperature for growing pigs was 32-35 ℃ for newborn piglets, 20-22 ℃ for nursery pigs, and 15-20 ℃ for medium and large pigs. When the temperature of pig house was lower than the lower limit of suitable temperature, the daily gain decreased by 17.8 g for every 1 ℃ decrease; if the temperature dropped below 4 ℃, the speed of weight gain decreased by 50%, and the feed consumption increased by more than 1 times. Therefore, it is necessary to keep warm in winter, reduce metabolism consumption and improve feeding efficiency.

二、怕潮。

2、 Afraid of the tide.

當舍內(nèi)環(huán)境溫度較低時，相對濕度大，會嚴重影響豬的生產(chǎn)性能，特別對仔豬危害更大。冬季相對濕度高的豬舍內(nèi)的仔豬，平均增重比對照組低48%左右，且易發(fā)生下痢、腸炎等疾病。適宜不同豬的生長濕度，仔豬50%～70%、40～80公斤的育肥豬70%、80～110公斤的育肥豬為80%、繁殖母豬 55%～80%。可通過通風、增加光照、增鋪保暖墊料等防止舍內(nèi)潮濕，保持干燥。

When the environment temperature is low and the relative humidity is high, it will seriously affect the production performance of pigs, especially for piglets. The average weight gain of piglets in the pig house with high relative humidity in winter was about 48% lower than that of the control group, and the piglets were prone to diarrhea, enteritis and other diseases. Suitable for different growth humidity of piglets, 50% - 70% for piglets, 70% for 40-80 kg fattening pigs, 80% for 80-110 kg fattening pigs and 55% - 80% for breeding sows. The room can be kept dry by ventilation, increasing light and laying warm cushion.

三、怕涼。

3、 Afraid of cold.

冬季豬的飲水和飼料的溫度對豬的生長發(fā)育和健康有密切的關(guān)系。當水溫、料溫0℃時，把這些水、料溫升高到體溫39℃的水平，豬體就要消耗 682～878千卡的熱能，也就等于每天0.5～0.75公斤的精飼料就白白地消耗在維持體溫上。因此，在冬季飼養(yǎng)仔豬和母豬，更好喂溫料和溫水，水溫保持在37℃左右。

The temperature of drinking water and feed is closely related to the growth and health of pigs in winter. When the water temperature and feed temperature are 0 ℃, raising the water and feed temperature to 39 ℃, the pig will consume 682-878 kcal of heat energy, which is equivalent to 0.5-0.75 kg of concentrate per day in vain to maintain body temperature. Therefore, it is better to feed warm feed and warm water for piglets and sows in winter, and the water temperature should be kept at 37 ℃.

四、怕風。

4、 Afraid of the wind.

豬在嚴冬更怕“穿堂風”和“賊風”，不僅會降低舍溫，更易引起豬感冒、中風、風濕等疾病。冬季的豬舍必須堵風洞、掛草簾、糊窗口，關(guān)嚴門窗，防止圈內(nèi)的鼠洞、裂縫、缺口、破頂、門邊、窗縫等“賊風”吹入，影響豬正常生長發(fā)育。

Pigs are most afraid of "draught" and "thief wind" in severe winter, which will not only reduce the temperature of the house, but also cause cold, stroke, rheumatism and other diseases. In winter, the wind tunnel must be blocked, grass curtain should be hung, windows should be pasted, and doors and windows should be closed tightly to prevent rat holes, cracks, gaps, broken roofs, door edges, window cracks and other "thief wind" blowing in, which will affect the normal growth and development of pigs.

五、怕病。

5、 Fear of illness.

如果冬季豬舍溫度低、濕度大、衛(wèi)生差、通風不好，則豬易患疾病。因此，必須加強飼養(yǎng)管理，保持圈舍通風換氣、清潔干燥，定期對圈舍進行，更好采取火焰法。同時要做到“五觀察”，即觀形態(tài)、觀精神、觀采食、觀糞尿、觀呼吸，一旦豬患病要及時診斷，盡早隔離。

If the temperature is low, humidity is high, sanitation is poor and ventilation is not good in winter, pigs are prone to diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the feeding management, keep the enclosure ventilated, clean and dry, regularly disinfect the enclosure, and it is better to adopt flame disinfection method. At the same time, it is necessary to observe the "five observations", that is, to observe the morphology, spirit, food intake, feces and urine, and to observe respiration. Once a pig is sick, it should be diagnosed in time and isolated as soon as possible.