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　　In the breeding industry, feed accounts for about half of the breeding cost. At present, there are many kinds of feed in the market, but there are only three kinds: full price feed, premix feed and concentrated feed. What are these three feeds? How to choose the right feed for yourself?

　　一，全價(jià)飼料

　　1、 Full price feed

　　全價(jià)飼料是指含有營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分完全能夠滿足動(dòng)物對(duì)各種營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的需要而又能達(dá)到一定生產(chǎn)水平的成品飼料，又稱混合飼料。這些通常是由制造商生產(chǎn)的，購(gòu)買全價(jià)飼料后可以直接喂食，不添加任何其他成分，維生素和礦物質(zhì)。但是，農(nóng)民的成本相對(duì)較高，原因如下:

　　Full price feed is a kind of finished feed which can meet the needs of animals for various nutrients and reach a certain production level. These are usually produced by the manufacturer and can be fed directly after purchase of full price feed without any other ingredients, vitamins and minerals. However, the cost of farmers is relatively high for the following reasons:

　　1. 飼料運(yùn)輸成本高，導(dǎo)致飼料上漲。

　　1. The high cost of feed transportation leads to the increase of feed price.

　　2、廠家需要加工，所以有加工費(fèi)，原成品倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)費(fèi)也需要一大筆錢，這也是全價(jià)材料高的原因。

　　2. Manufacturers need to process, so there is a processing fee, and the storage fee for raw and finished products also needs a large amount of money, which is also the reason for the high price of full price materials.

　　3、大量的營(yíng)銷費(fèi)用、管理費(fèi)也增加了飼料的成本。所以這并不適合散養(yǎng)戶，大農(nóng)場(chǎng)主因?yàn)轲B(yǎng)豬較多，飼料的消耗也較多，大農(nóng)場(chǎng)主可以直接跟工廠拿貨，這樣就減少了很多中間環(huán)節(jié)，也可以節(jié)省很多錢。

　　3. A large number of marketing expenses and management fees also increase the cost of feed price. Therefore, it is not suitable for the scattered farmers. Because of the large number of pigs and the large consumption of feed, the large farmers can directly get the goods from the factory, which reduces many intermediate links and saves a lot of money.

　　2、濃縮飼料

　　2. Concentrated feed

　　濃縮飼料是除去谷類飼料及其副產(chǎn)品(玉米、高粱、麥麩、小麥、大麥)和其他能量飼料的全價(jià)飼料。將濃縮飼料與一定比例的組分(主要是玉米、高粱等能量飼料)混合，得到或近似全價(jià)飼料。濃度一般在5%-50%之間，通常在20%-40%之間。比例較低的濃度可能需要全價(jià)添加蛋白飼料，而比例較高的濃度可能含有少量能量飼料。濃縮飼料更適合小農(nóng)場(chǎng)和散養(yǎng)戶,主要是因?yàn)槿珒r(jià)飼料由60 - 80%的能量飼料+ 20 - 40%的濃縮飼料,只需要在當(dāng)?shù)刭?gòu)買玉米可以合作,和濃縮飼料制備全價(jià)飼料技術(shù)很簡(jiǎn)單,設(shè)備要求不高,質(zhì)量易于控制。

　　Concentrated feed is a kind of full price feed which can remove cereal feed and its by-products (corn, sorghum, wheat bran, wheat, barley) and other energy feed. The concentrated feed is mixed with a certain proportion of components (mainly corn, sorghum and other energy feeds) to obtain or approximate the full price feed. The concentration is generally between 5% and 50%, usually between 20% and 40%. The lower concentration may require full added protein feed, while the higher concentration may contain a small amount of energy feed. Concentrated feed is more suitable for small farms and scattered farmers, mainly because the full price feed consists of 60-80% energy feed + 20-40% concentrated feed, and only corn can be purchased locally for cooperation. The technology of preparing full price feed with concentrated feed is very simple, the equipment requirements are not high, and the quality is easy to control.

　　添加劑預(yù)混料

　　additive premix

　　添加劑預(yù)混料，簡(jiǎn)稱預(yù)混料，是復(fù)合飼料中比例較小但作用較大的飼料產(chǎn)品，它是由一種或多種生物活性微量成分(如維生素、氨基酸、微量礦物元素等)和非營(yíng)養(yǎng)性飼料添加劑(如藥物等)組成的。預(yù)混料在復(fù)合飼料中的比例一般在4% ~ 8%之間。但卻是構(gòu)成復(fù)合飼料的實(shí)質(zhì)部分，是整個(gè)飼料的心臟。

　　Additive premix, or premix for short, is a feed product with a small proportion but a large role in compound feed. It is composed of one or more bioactive trace components (such as vitamins, amino acids, trace mineral elements, etc.) and non nutritive feed additives (such as drugs, etc.). The proportion of premix in compound feed is generally between 4% and 8%. But it is the essential part of compound feed and the heart of the whole price feed.